NASA CARBON MONOXIDE FINDINGS 2000-2016

CARBON MONOXIDE

Colorless, odorless, and poisonous, carbon monoxide is one of the six major air pollutants regulated in the United States and in many other nations around the world. When carbon-based fuels, such as coal, wood, and oil, burn incompletely or inefficiently, they produce carbon monoxide. The gas is spread by winds and circulation patterns throughout the lower atmosphere (called the troposphere).

These maps show monthly averages of global concentrations of tropospheric carbon monoxide at an altitude of about 12,000 feet. The data were collected by the MOPITT (Measurements Of Pollution In The Troposphere) sensor on NASA’s Terra satellite. Concentrations of carbon monoxide are expressed in parts per billion by volume (ppbv). A concentration of 1 ppbv means that for every billion molecules of gas in the measured volume, one of them is a carbon monoxide molecule. Yellow areas have little or no carbon monoxide, while progressively higher concentrations are shown in orange and red. Places where the sensor didn’t collect data, perhaps due to clouds, are gray.

In different parts of the world and in different seasons, the amounts and sources of atmospheric carbon monoxide change. In Africa, for example, the seasonal shifts in carbon monoxide are tied to the widespread agricultural burning that shifts north and south of the equator with the seasons. Fires are an important source of carbon monoxide pollution in other regions of the Southern Hemisphere, such as the Amazon and Southeast Asia.

In the United States, Europe, and eastern China, on the other hand, the highest carbon monoxide concentrations occur around urban areas as a result of vehicle and industrial emissions. Fires burning over large areas in North America and Russia in some years can be an important source. The MOPITT observations often show that pollution emitted on one continent can travel across oceans to have a big impact on air quality on other continents.

Carbon monoxide is a trace gas in the atmosphere, and it does not have a direct effect on the global temperature, like methane and carbon dioxide do. However, carbon monoxide plays a major role in atmospheric chemistry, and it affects the ability of the atmosphere to cleanse itself of many other polluting gases. In combination with other pollutants and sunshine, it also takes part in the formation of lower-atmospheric (“bad”) ozone and urban smog.

SEE THE REALITY OF WORLD WIDE CARBON MONOXIDE FROM 2000 to 2016 ( Click on Link Below ) 

https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/GlobalMaps/view.php?d1=MOP_CO_M

How much CO ( Carbon Monoxide ) is too much?

The health effects can vary significantly due to age, sex, weight and overall state of health.

CO is measured in Parts per Million or PPM; out of a million molecules of air, how many are carbon monoxide.

The time given respective to the levels referenced in this chart, are for healthy people unless otherwise stated.

Just Remember this Medical Fact THREE 3’s      -  3 weeks without Food and We as Humans Will Die

                                                                                -  3 days without Water and We as Humans Will Die

                                                                              -  3 Minutes without Oxygen and We as Humans WILL DIE

12,000 PPM  - -  Death within 1 – 3 minutes

  1,600 PPM  - -  Nausea within 20 minutes, death within 1 hour

     800 PPM  - -  Nausea and convulsions – death within 2 hours

     400 PPM  - -  Frontal headaches within 1‐2 hours; Nausea and convulsions – death within 2 hours;

                           UL 2034 alarms should sound within 4 and 15 minutes BY THEN IT COULD BE TOO LATE

     200 PPM  - -  NIOSH A worker will not be exposed to more than this amount.

     150 PPM  - -  UL 2034 Listed alarms must respond within a range of 10 to 50 minutes if this concentration

                           or  higher is present.

       70 PPM  - -  If CO at this level for 50 minutes up to 4 hours, UL 2034 alarm should be sounding.

       50 PPM  - -  Maximum average level for continuous exposure in an 8 hour workday per US Federal Law.

       35 PPM  - -  8 hour exposure TWA (time weighted average); NIOSHA

                           (National Institute of Occupational Safety and

                           Health Administration) of the CDC (Center for Disease Control).

10–35 PPM        Marginal ‐ Small children, elderly, and those suffering respiratory or heart

                           problems are cautioned if

                           these are chronic exposures concentrations. May increase heart stresses.

      25 PPM  - -   8 hour TWA limit; ACGIH (American Conference Of Governmental Industrial Hygienists)

   9-12 PPM  - -   This concentration is often measured around busy city streets & intersections.

     1-9 PPM   -    It may be difficult to avoid those often occurring spikes in transient or chronic CO levels

                           without  life-style changes.

Also consider this statistic 9-12 PPM  - - This concentration is often measured around busy city streets & intersections.

That is measured during any one minute at a busy intersection

How many Minutes in an Hour - How many Hours exposure Limit ?  Only 8 Hours

Even at 9ppm ( measured in a minute ) x 60 minutes in an hour means you are exposing yourself to 540ppm in one hour x 8 hours

Means that you are exposing yourself to 4320ppm in an 8 hour work day

Look again at the chart above - 1,600 PPM  - -  Nausea within 20 minutes, death within 1 hour

That is why even The 9-1-1 Commission released their Final Statement in October 2012

that dealt with the fact that ALL FIRST RESPONDERS at Ground ZERO on

and after 9-1-1 who had been there to rescue and search for victims / survivors

and who had already died or had permanent respiratory difficulties which resulted in CANCER and / or eventual Death

were caused by wearing improper respiratory protection.